When and Who Needs Occupational Therapy?
A description of the indications helps to understand what occupational therapy is and who needs it. The method is used in many areas of medicine: neurology, orthopedics and traumatology, cardiology, psychiatry and others.
Seeing an occupational therapist is advisable for people with limited mobility after an injury or polytrauma, stroke, burns, musculoskeletal disorders, rheumatologic and mental illnesses. Occupational therapy is widely used in rehabilitation programs for children with cerebral palsy. The method can also be useful in sports rehabilitation, for various spinal injuries and after severe traumatic brain injury. It is also included in adaptation programs for patients with mental illness. The method can also be used for the physical rehabilitation of patients whose muscles have atrophied after prolonged bed rest.
Occupational therapy is not limited to a set of exercises to restore sensation and movement. An individual approach to each patient makes it possible both to assess physical condition and the nature of the pathology and to take into account the specifics of life before the illness. With a comprehensive approach, patients learn self-care skills and return, to the greatest extent possible, to normal life and activities, including work.
An occupational therapist must be able to draw on knowledge from several fields: physical therapy, evidence-based medicine, biomechanics, pedagogy, psychology and social pedagogy. This specialist works with different age groups: newborns, preschool and school-age children, teenagers, adults and older people. They need to know the specifics of the physical and mental condition of each age group, communicate well and take an individual approach to the task at hand.